Best References: Dental

Despite their low wastewater discharges when compared to traditional industries, dental offices are often the focus of mercury investigations due to high concentrations associated with amalgam usage. Through the implementation of many Best Management Practices (BMPs) to address mercury, silver, lead and other wastestreams, many dentists have significantly reduced their environmental discharges. The references in this section are intended to provide additional guidance on these BMPs as well as provide some background to the nature of the environmental problems and cite case studies of successful practices.
Date Last Updated: 4/5/2007

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Case Studies |

Section Title: Darryl J. Diefes, DDS
Full Title: 1997 Governor's Award for Excellence in Waste Reduction
URL: /01/0078302.pdf
Length: 1 page
Date: October 1998
Full Work Author: NC Division of Pollution Prevention and Environmental Assistance
Abstract: This case study presents the work of one dentist in leading a mercury reduction program among dentists in the small town of Whiteville, North Carolina. They installed a three-component mercury capture and recycle system at each office. Mercury levels in the dental wastewater have dropped from 2.1 ppb to 0.4 ppb. The Whiteville POTW no longer has to pay fines for mercury violations.

Fact Sheets |

Section Title: Dental Amalgam - Environmental Aspects
Full Title: Advances in Dental Research
URL: /04/03295.pdf
Length: 6 pages
Date: September 1992
Section Author: Arenholt - Bindsley, D.
Abstract: Discussion of the characteristics of dental amalgam and the fate of amalgam particles generated within a dental office and ultimately released to the environment.

Full Title: Amalgam Waste Management - Issues and Answers
URL: /04/03279.pdf
Length: 22 pages
Date: December 1999
Full Work Author: Westman, James F., DDS; Tuominen, Timothy
Abstract: In reviewing U.S. dental amalgam waste management activities, one finds a wide variety of approaches, processes, and results, within which the authors have observed an inconsistency of definitions, measurements, standards, and even of clearly applied goals.

Full Title: Dental Waste Management
URL: /01/00020.htm
Length: 9 pages
Date: February 1997
Full Work Author: NC Division of Pollution Prevention and Environmental Assistance
Abstract: This fact sheet is specific to North Carolina dental operations and includes sections on all typical dental waste streams, best management suggestions for these materials, and discussion of the environmental regulations which apply to them. Also contains waste management vendors within North Carolina. For parties interested in additional research, the document contains references to scientific studies conducted in the US and Europe which can be located on the DPPEA references collection at http://www.p2pays.org/ref.

Full Title: Managing Waste Generated by Dental Clinics - Fact Sheet
URL: /03/02196.pdf
Length: 4 pages
Date: 1995
Full Work Author: MN Technical Assistance Program (MnTAP)
Abstract: This fact sheet describes the sources of hazardous wastes generated by dental clinics and lists management and disposal options for these facilities.

Full Title: The Environmentally Responsible Dental Office: The Oregon Dentist's Guide to Best Management Practices of Dental Waste
URL: /04/03294.pdf
Length: 6 pages
Date: 04/98
Full Work Author: Oregon Dental Association
Abstract: Fact sheet that discusses best management practices for dental wastes, including mercury amalgam, lead foil and shields, x-ray fixer and developer, and chemiclave wastes. Includes list of Oregon area recyclers.

Articles and Reports |

Full Title: Amalgam Waste Management - Issues and Answers
URL: /04/03853.pdf
Full Work Author: Westman, James F., DDS; Tuominen, Timothy
Abstract: Comprehensive paper on dental mercury discharges. Covers health issues, transport of material to the environment and resulting effects, best management practices, and treatment options and costs. Includes a section on a successful collaboration between a dental association and local regulating body, and the strategies they employed for reducing mercury discharges.

Full Title: Dental Office Waste Stream Characterization Study
URL: /03/02193.pdf
Length: 38 pages
Date: September 1991
Full Work Author: Welland, Cynthia
Abstract: Results and recommendations from a thorough survey and wastewater sampling program by Metro Seattle to identify toxic contaminants discharged to the sewer from dental offices. This report would be useful to anyone planning a dental mercury reduction program.

Full Title: Dentist The Menace? The Uncontrolled Release of Dental Mercury
URL: /14/13730.pdf
Length: 20 pages
Full Work Author: Bender, Michael T

Full Title: Management of Photographic Wastes in the Dental Office
URL: /02/01509.pdf
Length: 11 pages
Date: January 1990
Full Work Author: Eastman Kodak Company
Abstract: This report is designed to increase awareness among dental professionals of the environmental impacts of dentistry, and to provide waste management information to assist low-volume X-ray or photographic film processors in determining the proper disposal method for photographic wastes from the dental office. This report is targeted at an audience unfamiliar with P2 and is not as concise or up-to-date as others on this topic.

Full Title: Mercury Emissions Generated in Dental Establishments
URL: /02/01740.pdf
Length: 16 pages
Date: 1986
Full Work Author: Bosse, Klaus
Abstract: This report discusses German testing and best management practices (BMPs) regarding dental amalgam including estimating the quantity of amalgam contaminated drains in dental offices, developing a test method to determine the efficiency of amalgam collectors, and establishing an agreement for dental operations. The discussion of control equipment is dated.

Full Title: Mercury Source Identification Update: Dental Offices and Human Waste
URL: /02/01611.pdf
Length: 25 pages
Date: March 1999
Full Work Author: Palo Alto Regional Water Quality Control Plant
Section Author: Johnson, Bill
Abstract: Comprehensive technical memorandum estimates the mercury discharge from dental offices and human waste associated with mercury amalgam fillings. Field sampling procedures are discussed.

Manuals |

Full Title: Best Management Practices for Dental Waste
URL: /03/02192.pdf
Length: 11 pages
Date: 7/97
Full Work Author: City of Boulder
Abstract: Excellent resource on environmental discharges from dental offices. Includes best management practice sections on amalgam, mercury, fixer, developer, lead foils, and disinfectants.

Full Title: Code of Management Practice Guide for Diagnostic and Industrial X-Ray Film Processors
URL: /02/01996.pdf
Length: 64 pages
Date: August 1997
Full Work Author: The Silver Council
Abstract: This guide has been written for hospitals, dental offices, chiropractic clinics, veterinary clinics and industrial X-ray film processing. It contains a set of recommended operating procedures designed to reduce the amount of silver and the overall volume of solutions discharged to the drain.

Full Title: How To Prevent Pollution From Your Dental Practice: A Guide For Dentists
URL: /03/02140.pdf
Length: 12 page
Date: May 1995
Full Work Author: Indiana Department of Environmental Management
Abstract: Outlines best management practices for amalgam, x-ray chemicals, lead foil, disinfectants, chemiclave waste. Also has a useful section on hazardous waste compliance.

Web sites |

Full Title: 2001 Naval Dental Research Institute - Mercury Management Program
URL: http://www.dentalmercury.com/
Full Work Author: Naval Dental Research Institute

Full Title: Mercury - Dental Topic Hub
URL: http://www.newmoa.org/prevention/topichub/toc.cfm?hub=103&subsec=7&nav=7
Full Work Author: NEWMOA
Abstract: Welcome to the Topic Hub for Mercury-Dental. This primer is intended as a quick guide to the essential P2 information on Mercury-Dental, as well as a compilation of pertinent on-line resources.

Full Title: Navy Dentistry Goes Green - Managing Mercury in Dental Treatment Facilities
URL: /48/47693.pdf
Date: Spring 2009
Full Work Author: US Navy
Abstract: Description of the Navy NIDBR and NAVFAC pollution prevention programs installation of amalgam separators in Navy dental treatment facilities.

Full Title: The Canadian Pollution Prevention Information Clearinghouse
URL: http://www.ec.gc.ca/cppic/en/search.cfm?txtSearchString=dental
Full Work Author: The National Office of Pollution Prevention, Canada
Abstract: This site contains a searchable database of pollution prevention information. From the main page, choose the dental subsection and then search for specific areas of concern. Most documents are available on-line.

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Content provided by N.C. Division of Pollution Prevention and Environmental Assistance and Waste Reduction Resource Center through a grant from the EPA.