Best References: Road Construction

An innovative highway industry provides a major market for the use of 'waste’ resources, at the same time minimizing the need for 'natural’ resources. Selected waste streams and industrial by-products, formerly bound for a landfill, are more frequently finding a route into sustainable highway design and maintenance. Asphalt pavements, concrete, base courses and embankments increasingly have incorporated 'waste’ resources instead of raw materials. Reclaimed concrete and asphalt, scrap tires, plastics, steel slag, roofing shingles, coal fly ash, and composted municipal organic wastes are proven, cost effective, and high-efficiency materials with broad applicability in roadway construction. Other environmentally sustainable actions beyond mere building materials include right-of-way management, the reuse of organic materials from cleaning and grubbing operations, deconstruction of buildings removed from rights-of-way, minimal right-of-way footprints,
Date Last Updated: 6/12/2008

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Case Studies |

Full Title: A Tool Kit for Using Recycled Glass as a Construction Aggregate
URL: /04/03909.htm
Date: January 1998
Full Work Author: Clean Washington Center
Abstract: The use of recycled glass as a construction aggregate has been technically well-established, with over 50,000 tons used in construction projects in the state of Washington alone. In addition, Department of Transportation specifications in at least six states have been amended, allowing the use of recycled glass in road projects

Full Title: Case Study No. 9640 - Rogers Group, Inc.
URL: /06/05047.htm
Full Work Author: Indiana Institute On Recycling
Abstract: Reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) is added to virgin paving material at a 15% rate, reducing paving materials costs and avoiding landfill disposal costs.

Full Title: Case Study: NC Department of Transportation
URL: /07/06170.pdf
Length: 3 pages
Full Work Author: NC DPPEA
Abstract: The NC Department of Transportation (DOT) implemented waste reduction and recycling programs in response to the 1989 Solid Waste Management Act. The Department now recycles and reuse office supplies and buys recyclable or recycled contant products. Driver's License procedures were updated to reduce paper waste by half. The Ferry Division recycles metals, recovers oil for recycling, and is replacing creosote pilings with recycled plastic ones. The Rail Division also recycles and collects petroleum waste. The Division of Highways is working to find ways to incorporate recycled materials into road construction, such as fly ash, shingles, recycled plastics, asphalt, municipal sludge, concrete, and hog waste. Additional programs include recovery of equipment repair fluids, use of organic waste to amend roadside soils, recycling at all rest areas, roadside cleanup, "no-burn" landclearing policies, and inmate repair of small tools.

Full Title: Case Study: NC Division of Highways - Equipment Depot
URL: /07/06162.pdf
Length: 2 pages
Full Work Author: NC DPPEA
Abstract: The NC Division of Highways' Equipment Depot provides routine maintenance to off-road vehicles. The facility has reduced solvent waste by filtering parts washer fluid to remove impurities, thus preventing disposal of the solvent. A new parts washer utilizes biologically active solvent to remove oils. Cost savings are included.

Full Title: Containment and Beneficial Reuse of Blasting Sand in Asphalt Concrete
URL: /03/02311.pdf
Length: 64 pages
Date: September 1989
Full Work Author: Medford, William M.
Abstract: Containment and Beneficial Reuse of Spent Blasting Sand in Asphalt Concrete. A NC Department of Transportation Case History.

Full Title: Ford Motor Company Pollution Prevention Case Study - Innovative Reuse of Spent Foundry Sand at the Ford Cleveland Casting Plant
URL: /16/15048.pdf
Length: 2 pages
Full Work Author: Ford Motor Company

Full Title: Savings From Re-Use of a Foundry By-Product - A Case History From Triplex Williams Ltd. And Potterton Myson Ltd.
URL: /23/22843.pdf
Length: 4 pages
Date: 9/99
Full Work Author: Environmental Technology Best Practice Programme (Envirowise)
Abstract: Slag from Triplex Williams, in Cardiff, was used as a component in road building.

Fact Sheets |

Section Title: The Use of Recycled Materials in Highway Construction
Full Title: PUBLIC ROADS On-Line
URL: /13/12950.htm
Date: Autumn 1994
Section Author: Schroeder, Robin L.
Abstract: This article summarizes current research on waste materials that have shown promise as a substitute for conventional materials. It primarily focuses on new and innovative highway industry uses for waste materials and byproducts, rather than on more commonly followed practices.

Section Title: Glass Recycling's Alternative Markets
Full Title: Resource Recycling - North America's Recycling and Composting Journal
URL: /12/11745.pdf
Length: 3 pages
Date: 09/99
Full Work Author: Powell, Jerry; et al.
Section Author: McCoy, Deborah Carter; Krivit, Dan

Full Title: Waste Education Series - Post-Consumer Glass Use in Road Construction and Other Local Market Projects: 1997 Update
URL: /21/20303.pdf
Length: 7 pages
Full Work Author: University of Wisconsin-Extension, Solid and Hazardous Waste Education Center

Articles and Reports |

Full Title: 1997 Federal Highway Administration Research and Technology Program Highlights
URL: /12/11102.htm
Date: 1997
Full Work Author: Federal Highway Administration
Abstract: The report describes the major R&T projects and programs and the progress made in FY 1997 by the following Research & Technology Co-ordinating Groups: intelligent transportation systems; pavements; structures; highway operations; safety; motor carriers; international programs; planning, environment, and right-of-way; and policy and information management.

Full Title: Aggregates from Natural and Recycled Resources - Economic Assessments for Construction Applications - A Materials Flow Analysis
URL: /04/03217.pdf
Length: 40 pages
Date: June 1998
Full Work Author: Wilburn, David; Goonan, Thomas
Abstract: An overview of the use of recycled aggregates, such as concrete and asphalt. Includes costs of processing recycled materials.

Full Title: Current Uses and Evaluation of Recycled Materials in Highway Construction: Overview of the Northeastern States
URL: /24/23544.pdf
Length: 16 pages
Date: April 1993
Full Work Author: Pratt, Ellen
Abstract: Ten state departments of transportation in the Northeast Recycling Council (NERC) agreed to complete a survey for this report on recyclables going into the highway program. The results reflect that not all states testing rubber and glass for construction would use it again.

Full Title: Environmental Handbook for Oregon Construction Contractors: Best Pollution Prevention Practices
URL: /02/01217.pdf
Length: 81 pages
Date: May 1994
Full Work Author: Palermini & Associates
Abstract: This report discusses pollution prevention practices as applied to construction of buildings and roads. It includes all phases from site selection and preparation to landscaping and management of construction debris.

Full Title: Master of Engineering Project - Waste Tire Recycling
URL: /11/10504.htm
Date: 10/13/00
Full Work Author: Yamaguchi, Eiichiro

Full Title: National Research Projects on Recycling in Highway Construction
URL: /12/11105.htm
Full Work Author: Simon, Marcia J; Chesner, Warren H; Eighmy, Taylor T; Jongedyk, Howard
Abstract: This article describes several recently completed or ongoing research projects pertaining to recycling in highway construction. These projects, which are national in scope, were sponsored by the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) or the National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP), and they reflect a renewed interest in recycling, spurred by an increasing volume of waste or byproduct materials from industrial, domestic, and mining sources and a decreasing availability of landfill space for disposal.

Full Title: Performance of Recycled Asphalt Shingles for Road Applications
URL: /23/22746.pdf
Length: 41 pages
Date: 9/02
Full Work Author: Grodinsky, Carolyn; et al.
Abstract: Describes the results of a study conducted in Vermont to test the application of post-consumer waste shingles in hot mix asphalt and concrete.

Section Title: How NCDOT is Building a Recycling Culture
Full Title: Public Roads
URL: /13/12952.htm
Date: July/August 2000
Full Work Author: US Department of Transportation
Section Author: Memory, Ashley T.

Full Title: Ramsey County Demonstrations of Recycled Glass as an Aggregate Supplement
URL: /17/16819.pdf
Length: 26 pages
Date: 1/99
Full Work Author: Dan Krivit and Associates

Full Title: Tire Chips in Road Subgrades
URL: /15/14314.pdf
Length: 2 pages
Full Work Author: Nebraska State Recycling Association

Full Title: Tires and Glass - Markets for Rural Georgia
URL: /24/23747.pdf
Length: 15 pages
Date: September 1995
Full Work Author: Sheehan, William
Abstract: This report examines rural recycling markets for scrap tires and glass in Georgia.

Full Title: User Guidelines for Waste and Byproduct Materials in Pavement Construction
URL: /13/12842.htm
Full Work Author: U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration
Abstract: The primary purpose of this guideline document is to assist those who have an interest in using or increasing their understanding of the types of waste and by-product materials that may be recovered and used in pavement construction applications. It is intended to provide the potential user or reviewer with sufficient information on each material included in this document so that he or she will have an understanding of the nature of the material, where other information may be obtained, and what issues need to be evaluated when considering its use. It is also intended to provide the reader with general guidance on engineering evaluation requirements, environmental issues, and economic considerations for determining the suitability of using recovered materials in pavement applications.

Web sites |

Full Title: National Transportation Library
URL: http://ntl.bts.gov/
Full Work Author: Bureau of Transportation

Full Title: The Recycled Materials Resource Center (RMRC)
URL: http://www.rmrc.unh.edu/AboutTheCenter/Abouthecenter.asp
Full Work Author: The Recycled Materials Resource Center (RMRC)
Abstract: The Recycled Materials Resource Center (RMRC) is a national center created to promote the wise use of recycled materials (pavements, secondary, waste, byproduct materials) in the highway environment. The Center is a partnership with the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA).

Full Title: Transportation Research Board
URL: http://gulliver.trb.org/

Full Title: Turner-Fairbank Highway Research Center
URL: http://www.tfhrc.gov/about.htm
Full Work Author: U.S. Department of Transportation
Abstract: TFHRC provides FHWA and the world highway community with the most advanced research and development related to new highway technologies. The research focuses on providing solutions to complex technical problems through the development of more economical, environmentally sensitive designs; more efficient, quality controlled constructions practices; and more durable materials. The end result is a safer, more reliable highway transportation system.

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Content provided by N.C. Division of Pollution Prevention and Environmental Assistance and Waste Reduction Resource Center through a grant from the EPA.